Despite tighter standards, lending for C&I picked up for larger firms in 4Q ’25, report contends

Lending standards were tighter for commercial and industrial loans in the final quarter of last year, but demand was “stronger” for the borrowing among some firms, according to a report issued Monday by the Federal Reserve.

In its Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey (SLOOS), the Fed said the demand for the C&I loans was up for large and middle-market firms. However, it added, demand for the loans among small firms, on net, were basically unchanged.

“Furthermore, banks reported generally unchanged standards and stronger demand for commercial real estate (CRE) loans,” the Fed said.

Household lending standards were unchanged, the Fed reported, and noted weaker demand across “most categories of residential real estate (RRE) loans.”

Standards were reportedly eased for auto loans but remained basically unchanged for credit card and other consumer loans, the report stated. Meanwhile, demand weakened for auto and other consumer loans but remained basically unchanged for credit card loans, according to the report.

The SLOOS is made of up of responses from 80 large domestic banks and 24 U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks, the Fed noted. The agency said it  generally conducts the survey quarterly, timing it so that results are available for the January/February, April/May, August, and October/November meetings of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC).

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices

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